MED 001 Solved Assignment 2023-24

    

MED 001 Solved Assignment 2023-24

Understanding the Environment

MED 001 Solved Assignment 2023-24 : All assignments are in PDF format which would be send on email/WhatsApp (9958676204) just after payment.

Assignment Code: ASST/ MED 001/2023-24

Marks: 100

Attempt all the questions.

Q1. What are sediments? Explain the processes involved in the formation of soils.


Sediments are small, solid particles that are transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice. These particles can be composed of various materials, including minerals, organic matter, and even fragments of rocks. Sediments can accumulate in different environments such as riverbeds, lakes, oceans, and deserts.

The formation of soils involves a complex set of processes that transform sediments into a medium capable of supporting plant life. Here are the key processes involved in soil formation:

Weathering: This is the process by which rocks and minerals are broken down into smaller particles through physical, chemical, or biological means. Physical weathering includes processes like freeze-thaw cycles, where water freezes in the cracks of rocks and expands, causing the rock to break. Chemical weathering involves the alteration of minerals through reactions with water, air, and other substances. Biological weathering results from the activities of living organisms, such as plant roots exerting pressure on rocks.

Transportation: Once rocks are weathered, the resulting particles or sediments are transported by agents like water, wind, or ice. Water is a particularly effective agent, carrying sediments downstream and depositing them in various locations.

Deposition: Sediments settle and accumulate in new locations through the process of deposition. This can occur when the transporting agents lose their energy and can no longer support the sediment load. Deposition often takes place in areas such as riverbanks, lake bottoms, and floodplains.

Organic Matter Accumulation: Dead plants and animals contribute to the organic matter content of soil. Decomposition by microorganisms breaks down organic materials into humus, which improves soil structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.

Soil Horizon Development: Over time, distinct layers or horizons develop in the soil profile. The top layer, known as the O horizon, is rich in organic matter. Below it, the A horizon, or topsoil, contains a mix of minerals, organic material, and microorganisms. The B horizon, or subsoil, accumulates leached minerals and materials from above. The C horizon consists of weathered parent material, and the bedrock (unweathered rock) forms the R horizon.

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Soil Profile Formation: The combination of weathering, transportation, deposition, and organic matter accumulation leads to the development of a soil profile. This vertical arrangement of soil horizons reflects the history of soil formation in a particular location.

These processes collectively contribute to the creation of a dynamic and evolving soil system, providing the foundation for terrestrial ecosystems and supporting plant growth. Soil properties such as texture, structure, and fertility are influenced by the interactions of these processes over time.

Q2. Explain with examples how minor atmospheric gases and aerosols play important roles in the environment.

Q3. Distinguish between the following terms giving an example of each:

(i) Benthic and pelagic organisms

(ii) Primary and secondary air pollutants

(iii) Holozoic and saprophytic nutrition

(iv) Lentic and lotic habitats

Q4. Discuss the characteristics and significance of bryophyte and tracheophyte.

Q5. Define the terms food chains and food webs. Discuss in detail about detritus food chains.

Q6. (i) Distinguish between Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and Net Community Productivity (NCP).

(ii) What do you understand by ecosystem resistance and resilience? Give examples.

Q7. What are biogeochemical cycles? Describe the nitrogen cycle using a neat diagram.

Q8. Write short notes on the following:

(i) Thermal properties of water

(ii) Intra-specific community interactions

(iii) Flow of energy in ecosystems

(iv) Causes of land degradation

MED 001 Solved Assignment 2023-24 : All assignments are in PDF format which would be send on email/WhatsApp (9958676204) just after payment.

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