Q.3 Explain the features of the Fundamental Rights.
Fundamental
Rights, Natural Rights: These are universal rights which are inherent in every
individual being a part of human nature. They are not conferred by law but only
recognized and made enforceable by law. For example, right to life. Human
Rights: Human rights are similar to natural rights in the sense that they are
universal and are intrinsic in human nature. They are needed for dignified
human life and are enjoyed irrespective of social, political and other
considerations.
Fundamental
Rights, They are retained by an individual on the basis of his/her being a
human. They are contained in United National Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, 1948. Civil Rights: These are the rights that citizens of a country
enjoy and are conferred by the Constitution or the law of the country. Civil
rights may differ from one country to another while human rights are
universally enjoyed by all. Constitutional Rights: They are right enshrined in
the Constitution. Some enjoy special status as Fundamental Rights and some
other do not enjoy such status- for instance, outside part III of the Indian
Constitution (other than Fundamental Rights) Fundamental Rights: They are a
branch of civil rights and are given higher importance in India as they are
defended by the Supreme Court directly. Some Fundamental Rights are confined to
citizens only while others are open to all. For example, Art. 15, 16, 19, 20
and 29 in the Chapter on Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution (Part
III) are available to India citizen only. They are essential for human
development, democracy and social progress.
